Notes


Matches 201 to 250 of 3,022

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201 Also in this household was a male child, Jamison Baker, said to be 2 years old, but also stated to be attending school. In 1860, a 2 year old male child, Jamison Baker, lived with this same family, so it's REALLY likely that Jamison here in 1870 was 12 years old.
Witness Role: head of household: [I1991] Mary Elizabeth DENNEY
Witness Role: son: [I2024] John Austin BUSSEY
Witness Role: son: [I2027] Richard Carter BUSSEY
Witness Role: grandson: [I1994] Jamison Aaron BAKER 
Denney, Mary Elizabeth (I1991)
 
202 Also in this household was a male child, Jamison Baker, said to be 2 years old, but also stated to be attending school. In 1860, a 2 year old male child, Jamison Baker, lived with this same family, so it's REALLY likely that Jamison here in 1870 was 12 years old.
Witness Role: Principal: [I1991] Mary Elizabeth DENNEY
Witness Role: head of household: [I1991] Mary Elizabeth DENNEY
Witness Role: son: [I2024] John Austin BUSSEY
Witness Role: son: [I2027] Richard Carter BUSSEY
Witness Role: grandson: [I1994] Jamison Aaron BAKER 
Baker, Jamison Aaron (I1994)
 
203 Also in this household was a male child, Jamison Baker, said to be 2 years old, but also stated to be attending school. In 1860, a 2 year old male child, Jamison Baker, lived with this same family, so it's REALLY likely that Jamison here in 1870 was 12 years old.
Witness Role: Principal: [I1991] Mary Elizabeth DENNEY
Witness Role: head of household: [I1991] Mary Elizabeth DENNEY
Witness Role: son: [I2024] John Austin BUSSEY
Witness Role: son: [I2027] Richard Carter BUSSEY
Witness Role: grandson: [I1994] Jamison Aaron BAKER 
Bussey, John Austin (I2024)
 
204 Also in this household was a male child, Jamison Baker, said to be 2 years old, but also stated to be attending school. In 1860, a 2 year old male child, Jamison Baker, lived with this same family, so it's REALLY likely that Jamison here in 1870 was 12 years old.
Witness Role: Principal: [I1991] Mary Elizabeth DENNEY
Witness Role: head of household: [I1991] Mary Elizabeth DENNEY
Witness Role: son: [I2024] John Austin BUSSEY
Witness Role: son: [I2027] Richard Carter BUSSEY
Witness Role: grandson: [I1994] Jamison Aaron BAKER 
Bussey, Richard Carter (I2027)
 
205 Also in this household, 3 of Saphronia Emeline's children from her first marriage.
Witness Role: head of household: [I2008] Wesley Washington GENTRY
Witness Role: wife: [I2009] Saphronia Emeline DOTSON
Witness Role: son: [I4063] William T BINGAMAN
Witness Role: son: [I4059] James Riley BINGAMAN
Witness Role: daughter: [I4060] Sophronia BINGAMAN
Witness Role: daughter: [I2011] Arlena GENTRY 
Gentry, Wesley Washington (I2008)
 
206 Also in this household, 3 of Saphronia Emeline's children from her first marriage.
Witness Role: Principal: [I2008] Wesley Washington GENTRY
Witness Role: head of household: [I2008] Wesley Washington GENTRY
Witness Role: wife: [I2009] Saphronia Emeline DOTSON
Witness Role: son: [I4063] William T BINGAMAN
Witness Role: son: [I4059] James Riley BINGAMAN
Witness Role: daughter: [I4060] Sophronia BINGAMAN
Witness Role: daughter: [I2011] Arlena GENTRY 
Dotson, Saphronia Emeline (I2009)
 
207 Also in this household, 3 of Saphronia Emeline's children from her first marriage.
Witness Role: Principal: [I2008] Wesley Washington GENTRY
Witness Role: head of household: [I2008] Wesley Washington GENTRY
Witness Role: wife: [I2009] Saphronia Emeline DOTSON
Witness Role: son: [I4063] William T BINGAMAN
Witness Role: son: [I4059] James Riley BINGAMAN
Witness Role: daughter: [I4060] Sophronia BINGAMAN
Witness Role: daughter: [I2011] Arlena GENTRY 
Gentry, Arlena (I2011)
 
208 Also in this household, 3 of Saphronia Emeline's children from her first marriage.
Witness Role: Principal: [I2008] Wesley Washington GENTRY
Witness Role: head of household: [I2008] Wesley Washington GENTRY
Witness Role: wife: [I2009] Saphronia Emeline DOTSON
Witness Role: son: [I4063] William T BINGAMAN
Witness Role: son: [I4059] James Riley BINGAMAN
Witness Role: daughter: [I4060] Sophronia BINGAMAN
Witness Role: daughter: [I2011] Arlena GENTRY 
Bingaman, James Riley (I4059)
 
209 Also in this household, 3 of Saphronia Emeline's children from her first marriage.
Witness Role: Principal: [I2008] Wesley Washington GENTRY
Witness Role: head of household: [I2008] Wesley Washington GENTRY
Witness Role: wife: [I2009] Saphronia Emeline DOTSON
Witness Role: son: [I4063] William T BINGAMAN
Witness Role: son: [I4059] James Riley BINGAMAN
Witness Role: daughter: [I4060] Sophronia BINGAMAN
Witness Role: daughter: [I2011] Arlena GENTRY 
Bingaman, Sophronia (I4060)
 
210 Also in this household, 3 of Saphronia Emeline's children from her first marriage.
Witness Role: Principal: [I2008] Wesley Washington GENTRY
Witness Role: head of household: [I2008] Wesley Washington GENTRY
Witness Role: wife: [I2009] Saphronia Emeline DOTSON
Witness Role: son: [I4063] William T BINGAMAN
Witness Role: son: [I4059] James Riley BINGAMAN
Witness Role: daughter: [I4060] Sophronia BINGAMAN
Witness Role: daughter: [I2011] Arlena GENTRY 
Bingaman, William T (I4063)
 
211 Also in this household:
Susan Stamp, 25f, domestic servant, mulatto
John Fisher, 19m, student
Edward Steele, 20m, student
Mary Steele, 18f, student
William Keeler, 19m, student
John Myers, 19m, student
Rev. Nicholas, 50m, clergy

No known connection to any of these individuals, perhaps just boarders.
Witness Role: head of household: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: wife: [I805] Mary FISHER
Witness Role: daughter: [I806] Emily Elizabeth PECK
Witness Role: daughter: [I826] Mary Anna PECK
Witness Role: son: [I827] John Fisher PECK
Witness Role: son: [I828] Edward Watrous PECK
Witness Role: sister-in-law: [I673] Lucy Chickering FISHER
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Susan Stamp
Witness Role: 25 year old woman, mulatto, domestic servant, born in Missouri

Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Fisher
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ, could be relative, possibly just a boarder
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Edward Steele
Witness Role: 20 year old male student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Mary Steele
Witness Role: 18 year old female student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: William Keeler
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ
Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Myers
Witness Role: 19 year old male student born in Wisconsin
Witness Role: resident: Name: Reverend Nicholas
Witness Role: 50 year old male clergy, born on Massachusetts 
Peck, John Sears (I804)
 
212 Also in this household:
Susan Stamp, 25f, domestic servant, mulatto
John Fisher, 19m, student
Edward Steele, 20m, student
Mary Steele, 18f, student
William Keeler, 19m, student
John Myers, 19m, student
Rev. Nicholas, 50m, clergy

No known connection to any of these individuals, perhaps just boarders.
Witness Role: Principal: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: head of household: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: wife: [I805] Mary FISHER
Witness Role: daughter: [I806] Emily Elizabeth PECK
Witness Role: daughter: [I826] Mary Anna PECK
Witness Role: son: [I827] John Fisher PECK
Witness Role: son: [I828] Edward Watrous PECK
Witness Role: sister-in-law: [I673] Lucy Chickering FISHER
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Susan Stamp
Witness Role: 25 year old woman, mulatto, domestic servant, born in Missouri

Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Fisher
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ, could be relative, possibly just a boarder
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Edward Steele
Witness Role: 20 year old male student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Mary Steele
Witness Role: 18 year old female student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: William Keeler
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ
Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Myers
Witness Role: 19 year old male student born in Wisconsin
Witness Role: resident: Name: Reverend Nicholas
Witness Role: 50 year old male clergy, born on Massachusetts 
Fisher, Lucy Chickering (I673)
 
213 Also in this household:
Susan Stamp, 25f, domestic servant, mulatto
John Fisher, 19m, student
Edward Steele, 20m, student
Mary Steele, 18f, student
William Keeler, 19m, student
John Myers, 19m, student
Rev. Nicholas, 50m, clergy

No known connection to any of these individuals, perhaps just boarders.
Witness Role: Principal: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: head of household: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: wife: [I805] Mary FISHER
Witness Role: daughter: [I806] Emily Elizabeth PECK
Witness Role: daughter: [I826] Mary Anna PECK
Witness Role: son: [I827] John Fisher PECK
Witness Role: son: [I828] Edward Watrous PECK
Witness Role: sister-in-law: [I673] Lucy Chickering FISHER
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Susan Stamp
Witness Role: 25 year old woman, mulatto, domestic servant, born in Missouri

Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Fisher
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ, could be relative, possibly just a boarder
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Edward Steele
Witness Role: 20 year old male student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Mary Steele
Witness Role: 18 year old female student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: William Keeler
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ
Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Myers
Witness Role: 19 year old male student born in Wisconsin
Witness Role: resident: Name: Reverend Nicholas
Witness Role: 50 year old male clergy, born on Massachusetts 
Fisher, Mary (I805)
 
214 Also in this household:
Susan Stamp, 25f, domestic servant, mulatto
John Fisher, 19m, student
Edward Steele, 20m, student
Mary Steele, 18f, student
William Keeler, 19m, student
John Myers, 19m, student
Rev. Nicholas, 50m, clergy

No known connection to any of these individuals, perhaps just boarders.
Witness Role: Principal: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: head of household: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: wife: [I805] Mary FISHER
Witness Role: daughter: [I806] Emily Elizabeth PECK
Witness Role: daughter: [I826] Mary Anna PECK
Witness Role: son: [I827] John Fisher PECK
Witness Role: son: [I828] Edward Watrous PECK
Witness Role: sister-in-law: [I673] Lucy Chickering FISHER
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Susan Stamp
Witness Role: 25 year old woman, mulatto, domestic servant, born in Missouri

Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Fisher
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ, could be relative, possibly just a boarder
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Edward Steele
Witness Role: 20 year old male student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Mary Steele
Witness Role: 18 year old female student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: William Keeler
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ
Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Myers
Witness Role: 19 year old male student born in Wisconsin
Witness Role: resident: Name: Reverend Nicholas
Witness Role: 50 year old male clergy, born on Massachusetts 
Peck, Emily Elizabeth (I806)
 
215 Also in this household:
Susan Stamp, 25f, domestic servant, mulatto
John Fisher, 19m, student
Edward Steele, 20m, student
Mary Steele, 18f, student
William Keeler, 19m, student
John Myers, 19m, student
Rev. Nicholas, 50m, clergy

No known connection to any of these individuals, perhaps just boarders.
Witness Role: Principal: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: head of household: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: wife: [I805] Mary FISHER
Witness Role: daughter: [I806] Emily Elizabeth PECK
Witness Role: daughter: [I826] Mary Anna PECK
Witness Role: son: [I827] John Fisher PECK
Witness Role: son: [I828] Edward Watrous PECK
Witness Role: sister-in-law: [I673] Lucy Chickering FISHER
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Susan Stamp
Witness Role: 25 year old woman, mulatto, domestic servant, born in Missouri

Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Fisher
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ, could be relative, possibly just a boarder
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Edward Steele
Witness Role: 20 year old male student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Mary Steele
Witness Role: 18 year old female student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: William Keeler
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ
Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Myers
Witness Role: 19 year old male student born in Wisconsin
Witness Role: resident: Name: Reverend Nicholas
Witness Role: 50 year old male clergy, born on Massachusetts 
Peck, Mary Anna (I826)
 
216 Also in this household:
Susan Stamp, 25f, domestic servant, mulatto
John Fisher, 19m, student
Edward Steele, 20m, student
Mary Steele, 18f, student
William Keeler, 19m, student
John Myers, 19m, student
Rev. Nicholas, 50m, clergy

No known connection to any of these individuals, perhaps just boarders.
Witness Role: Principal: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: head of household: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: wife: [I805] Mary FISHER
Witness Role: daughter: [I806] Emily Elizabeth PECK
Witness Role: daughter: [I826] Mary Anna PECK
Witness Role: son: [I827] John Fisher PECK
Witness Role: son: [I828] Edward Watrous PECK
Witness Role: sister-in-law: [I673] Lucy Chickering FISHER
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Susan Stamp
Witness Role: 25 year old woman, mulatto, domestic servant, born in Missouri

Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Fisher
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ, could be relative, possibly just a boarder
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Edward Steele
Witness Role: 20 year old male student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Mary Steele
Witness Role: 18 year old female student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: William Keeler
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ
Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Myers
Witness Role: 19 year old male student born in Wisconsin
Witness Role: resident: Name: Reverend Nicholas
Witness Role: 50 year old male clergy, born on Massachusetts 
Peck, John Fisher (I827)
 
217 Also in this household:
Susan Stamp, 25f, domestic servant, mulatto
John Fisher, 19m, student
Edward Steele, 20m, student
Mary Steele, 18f, student
William Keeler, 19m, student
John Myers, 19m, student
Rev. Nicholas, 50m, clergy

No known connection to any of these individuals, perhaps just boarders.
Witness Role: Principal: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: head of household: [I804] John Sears PECK
Witness Role: wife: [I805] Mary FISHER
Witness Role: daughter: [I806] Emily Elizabeth PECK
Witness Role: daughter: [I826] Mary Anna PECK
Witness Role: son: [I827] John Fisher PECK
Witness Role: son: [I828] Edward Watrous PECK
Witness Role: sister-in-law: [I673] Lucy Chickering FISHER
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Susan Stamp
Witness Role: 25 year old woman, mulatto, domestic servant, born in Missouri

Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Fisher
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ, could be relative, possibly just a boarder
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Edward Steele
Witness Role: 20 year old male student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: Mary Steele
Witness Role: 18 year old female student, born in Ohio
Witness Role: Resident: Name: William Keeler
Witness Role: 19 year old male student, born in NJ
Witness Role: Resident: Name: John Myers
Witness Role: 19 year old male student born in Wisconsin
Witness Role: resident: Name: Reverend Nicholas
Witness Role: 50 year old male clergy, born on Massachusetts 
Peck, Edward Watrous (I828)
 
218 Also on the same headstone:
Nazro Park b. May 1806, d. 27 Del 1894
Cemetery records list cause of death as: senile
Interment authorized by Mary P. Chamberlain
Age: 89-7-11

This is likely her mother or father. 
Park, Mary (I2856)
 
219 Also on this census page - Robert Barnhill, 27, born in Indiana, wife Emmeline. Relationship as yet unknown.
Witness Role: head of household: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: wife: [I3780] Rosanna VINNEDGE
Witness Role: daughter: [I3771] Sarah Elizabeth PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3775] James PLEAK
Witness Role: daughter: [I3777] Martha PLEAK
Witness Role: son: [I3784] Thomas Jefferson PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3783] John PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3781] George M PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3782] Miles PLAKE 
Pleak, John Isaac (I859)
 
220 Also on this census page - Robert Barnhill, 27, born in Indiana, wife Emmeline. Relationship as yet unknown.
Witness Role: Principal: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: head of household: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: wife: [I3780] Rosanna VINNEDGE
Witness Role: daughter: [I3771] Sarah Elizabeth PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3775] James PLEAK
Witness Role: daughter: [I3777] Martha PLEAK
Witness Role: son: [I3784] Thomas Jefferson PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3783] John PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3781] George M PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3782] Miles PLAKE 
Plake, Sarah Elizabeth (I3771)
 
221 Also on this census page - Robert Barnhill, 27, born in Indiana, wife Emmeline. Relationship as yet unknown.
Witness Role: Principal: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: head of household: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: wife: [I3780] Rosanna VINNEDGE
Witness Role: daughter: [I3771] Sarah Elizabeth PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3775] James PLEAK
Witness Role: daughter: [I3777] Martha PLEAK
Witness Role: son: [I3784] Thomas Jefferson PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3783] John PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3781] George M PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3782] Miles PLAKE 
Pleak, James III (I3775)
 
222 Also on this census page - Robert Barnhill, 27, born in Indiana, wife Emmeline. Relationship as yet unknown.
Witness Role: Principal: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: head of household: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: wife: [I3780] Rosanna VINNEDGE
Witness Role: daughter: [I3771] Sarah Elizabeth PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3775] James PLEAK
Witness Role: daughter: [I3777] Martha PLEAK
Witness Role: son: [I3784] Thomas Jefferson PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3783] John PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3781] George M PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3782] Miles PLAKE 
Pleak, Martha (I3777)
 
223 Also on this census page - Robert Barnhill, 27, born in Indiana, wife Emmeline. Relationship as yet unknown.
Witness Role: Principal: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: head of household: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: wife: [I3780] Rosanna VINNEDGE
Witness Role: daughter: [I3771] Sarah Elizabeth PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3775] James PLEAK
Witness Role: daughter: [I3777] Martha PLEAK
Witness Role: son: [I3784] Thomas Jefferson PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3783] John PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3781] George M PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3782] Miles PLAKE 
Vinnedge, Rosanna (I3780)
 
224 Also on this census page - Robert Barnhill, 27, born in Indiana, wife Emmeline. Relationship as yet unknown.
Witness Role: Principal: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: head of household: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: wife: [I3780] Rosanna VINNEDGE
Witness Role: daughter: [I3771] Sarah Elizabeth PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3775] James PLEAK
Witness Role: daughter: [I3777] Martha PLEAK
Witness Role: son: [I3784] Thomas Jefferson PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3783] John PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3781] George M PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3782] Miles PLAKE 
Plake, George M (I3781)
 
225 Also on this census page - Robert Barnhill, 27, born in Indiana, wife Emmeline. Relationship as yet unknown.
Witness Role: Principal: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: head of household: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: wife: [I3780] Rosanna VINNEDGE
Witness Role: daughter: [I3771] Sarah Elizabeth PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3775] James PLEAK
Witness Role: daughter: [I3777] Martha PLEAK
Witness Role: son: [I3784] Thomas Jefferson PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3783] John PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3781] George M PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3782] Miles PLAKE 
Plake, Miles (I3782)
 
226 Also on this census page - Robert Barnhill, 27, born in Indiana, wife Emmeline. Relationship as yet unknown.
Witness Role: Principal: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: head of household: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: wife: [I3780] Rosanna VINNEDGE
Witness Role: daughter: [I3771] Sarah Elizabeth PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3775] James PLEAK
Witness Role: daughter: [I3777] Martha PLEAK
Witness Role: son: [I3784] Thomas Jefferson PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3783] John PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3781] George M PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3782] Miles PLAKE 
Plake, John Jr (I3783)
 
227 Also on this census page - Robert Barnhill, 27, born in Indiana, wife Emmeline. Relationship as yet unknown.
Witness Role: Principal: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: head of household: [I859] John Isaac PLEAK
Witness Role: wife: [I3780] Rosanna VINNEDGE
Witness Role: daughter: [I3771] Sarah Elizabeth PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3775] James PLEAK
Witness Role: daughter: [I3777] Martha PLEAK
Witness Role: son: [I3784] Thomas Jefferson PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3783] John PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3781] George M PLAKE
Witness Role: son: [I3782] Miles PLAKE 
Plake, Thomas Jefferson (I3784)
 
228 Also reported (on the 1880 Census) that her parents were born in Pennsylvania. Wells, Elizabeth (I2212)
 
229 alternate death dates given are 29 Apr 1853 and 29 Apr 1854 Davis, Angeline Elisabeth (I1485)
 
230 Alternate spelling of surname Embrey, Curtis (I2460)
 
231 American History
Colonial Scots-Irish Immigrants: The Irish Records
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

This article was originally published in The Irish At Home and Abroad journal of Irish genealogy and heritage (volume 2 #1, 1994/1995). Published four times yearly.
By Kyle J. Betit

This article focuses on sources and techniques in American records for tracing Scots-Irish immigrants who came to colonial America. Many thousands of Scots-Irish immigrants came prior to 1776, with large-scale immigration beginning in 1718. Immigration to America was at a standstill during the American Revolution (1775-1783), but following the Revolution many Scots-Irish continued to come to the United States. However, this article focuses on the pre-1776 immigrants.

For the purposes of this article, the term "Scots-Irish" refers to settlers who were born in or resided in Ireland but whose earlier origins (whether personal or ancestral) were in Scotland. They have also been called "Scotch-Irish," "Ulster Scots," and "Irish Presbyterians."

Historical Background

Scots-Irish immigrants came from the historic province of Ulster (in the north of Ireland). Scottish settlers began to come in large numbers to Ulster in the early decades of the 1600s. James I, the English monarch, sought to solidify control by transferring land ownership to Protestants and by settling their lands with Protestant tenants (English and Scottish). Scottish settlers continued to come to Ireland throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

Scots-Irish immigrants settled in the American colonies from the 1600s. However, the first major migration of Scots-Irish to America was a group that came with Rev. James McGregor from County Londonderry to New England in 1718. They arrived at Boston, and many of them moved to New Hampshire, establishing the town of Londonderry.

The majority of the Scots-Irish who came to America in the colonial period settled in Pennsylvania, Virginia, and the Carolinas. Nonetheless, there was significant Scots-Irish settlement in each of the thirteen American colonies.

Many of the earliest Scots-Irish immigrants (of the 1720s and 1730s) first settled in Pennsylvania. Many then moved down from Pennsylvania into Virginia and the Carolinas. From there immigrants and their descendants went on to populate the states of Georgia, Kentucky, and Tennessee in the 1780s and 1790s.

There are a myriad of possible reasons for the immigration of so many of the Scots-Irish to America in the 1700s. High rents and religious persecution have often been blamed. Most of the Scots-Irish came freely to the American colonies, although there were also some who were deported as prisoners or came as indentured servants. Others came with British Army regiments and remained in the American colonies.

It is important to keep in mind that just because an ancestor came from Ireland to America during the colonial period does not mean that he/she was necessarily Scots-Irish. Many Anglicans, Catholics, and Quakers also came from Ireland during this time period. An ancestor from Ireland can often be identified as Scots-Irish from: family tradition; the surname; the given names in the family; association with other Scots-Irish; or identification as a Presbyterian.

Group/Congregational Migrations

The Scots-Irish largely came to colonial America in family groups, often such that members of an extended family settled near one another in America, whether they immigrated together or separately. Some Scots-Irish immigrants came to America as part of larger group or congregational migrations, meaning that an entire group or congregation of Presbyterians together moved from one locality in Ireland to one locality in America. It is thus very important to trace persons that immigrated with a Scots-Irish ancestor or were associated with the ancestor in America.

In some cases, the immigrating group was led by a minister. In such instances, the minister may be traced back to the church he served in Ireland. Most of the immigrants who accompanied him would be from the same area. However, a group or congregational migration may have drawn from a larger area than just one town or parish in Ireland.
 
Fisher, Samuel (I685)
 
232 American History
The Old 300
contributed by Tex Rogers
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

By Tex Rogers (c)Copyright 1999 Southwest Scots
Although many cultures can stake a claim on the settlement of early Texas - mostly the Spanish, Indians and French - it was the Scots and others of Celtic descent who led the way in truly taming the wild territory and bringing it forward to a republic.
More than 85 percent of the pioneers who renounced their American citizenship to follow Stephen F. Austin into the Mexican state of Tejas were of Celtic origin, and half that number were of Scottish descent.
In all, 342 pioneers applied for the 297 grants (thus, the term Old Three Hundred) of land given to Austin by the Mexican government. Most were distributed from 1823-24 and the remainder in 1827. These pioneers were indeed hardy souls who were simply following an ethnic course established generations before on the border of Scotland and England.
Just who these people were and what drove them to give up being citizens of the recently-formed United States for the hope of land in the wild Texas territory is eloquently explained by the imminent historian T.R. Fehrenbach in "Lone Star: A History of Texas and the Texans" (MacMillan, 1968).
In his award-winning book, considered by many the most definitive one-volume history of Texas, Fehrenbach devoted an entire chapter to "The Anglo-Celts," in which he detailed in great length the history, migratory patterns and culture of that tough, stubborn people who were shoved from their Scottish borders to Ireland, and eventually across the Atlantic to the New World.
With the Calvinist teachings of John Knox still ringing in their ears, this latest wave of New Worlders were looking for new opportunities on new frontiers, Fehrenbach wrote. Pushing inward from the towns on the Atlantic Coast, these Anglo-Celts found themselves first in Appalachia, then in Kentucky and Tennessee, before finally finding Texas.
The author's explanation of the Anglo-Celtic ethos makes it easily understood why they followed Austin westward in search of land to an area between the Lavaca and Brazos rivers in southeast Texas which now encompasses Austin, Colorado, Washington, Brazos, Grimes, Wharton, Matagorda, Fort Bend counties and portions of Jackson, Harris and Chambers counties. On a Texas map, the colony encompassed territory from Anahuac east of Houston down the gulf coast as far west as Edna, and north to Bryan-College Station.
In taking up the quest for new land, they agreed to renounce their U.S. Citizenship and become citizens of Spain. They also agreed to become Catholics, but that requirement was waived tacitly by Mexican officials as long as no preachers were found in the new colony.
It was Moses Austin (Clan Keith), a Connecticut-born mine operator who had the initial dream of bringing Americans from the United States into Spanish Territory in Texas. Austin had a successful experience with the Spanish when he was allowed to settle 30 families in Spanish-held Missouri in 1797. Austin proved to be a very good Spanish citizen, and a prominent leader. And after Missouri became part of the United States again in 1804 after the Louisiana Purchase, Austin prospered even more, becoming a founder and principal stockholder in the Bank of Saint Louis.
Then in 1818 the young nation experienced its first national depression that left Austin completely broke when his bank collapsed. Having no loyalty to the United States because of its financial policies, the 55-year-old Moses Austin decided he could do better colonizing Spanish territory. So in the fall of 1820, he set out of an 800-mile trek to San Antonio de Béxar.
Austin wasn't welcome in San Antonio because the Spanish were still recovering from the escapades of Dr. James Long, who the previous year had led a small army into Texas and establish a republic, only to be executed in Mexico City. Austin found that no Americans were welcome in San Antonio, and he was told by the governor to get out of town before sunset or face arrest.
But before a dejected Austin left San Antonio he met an old friend, the Felipe Enrique Neri, Baron de Bastrop, whom Austin had dealings with formerly in Louisiana. Poor but still well respected in San Antonio, Bastrop was able to gain a new audience with the governor, and argued Austin's case for colonizing Texas with Americans who were willing to come.
Bastrop offered three arguments:
•The Indian in Texas would never end until the country between San Antonio and the Sabine was settled. The Comanches acted like the owned the entire territory at the time.
•No Spaniards or Mexicans were coming to Texas, even after several centuries of Spain trying to colonize the area. In fact, more were leaving Texas.
•Colonization by willing Anglo-Saxons had been successful in Louisiana, and there appeared to other way to put people on the land.
So on Jan. 27, 1821, a petition in the name of Moses Austin was granted. Mexican officials had become convinced that a band of American colonists in Texas might create a buffer between Spanish settlements and the Indians, and that the right kind of Americans who were loyal to be Spanish Crown would prevent future encroachments into Texas because they would have an immense stake in the land, as Fehrenbach wrote.
But Austin never saw his dreamed fulfilled. He arrived back in Missouri in time to die, but not before he asked his son Stephen to carry on the dream.
Stephen F. Austin needed no encouragement. He despised the land system of the United States, which encouraged speculation, while the Spanish system rewarded colonization.
The young Austin traveled from Louisiana to San Antonio where he met with the Spanish governor, who acknowledged him as his father's successor. By the time Austin returned to Louisiana, more than a hundred letters from applicants awaiting for him. People were already standing in line, wanting to come to Texas.
From 1823-24 Austin and the land commissioner Baron de Bastrop issued 272 titles. Bastrop was called away from the colony for a short period and an additional 35 titles were not issued until 1827, by Gaspar Flores de Abrego, a new land commissioner. In all, 307 titles were issued to 297 grantees.
Most of the families who followed Austin to Texas came as farmers, but several were already of substantial means from the Trans-Appalachia South. they were all were part of a large westward migration from the Eastern Seaboard states that had begun in the late 1700's. To avoid problems among the colonists, Austin attempted to select only those of "better" classes, and indeed, only four of the grantees could not read.
So, armed with an independent self-reliance strengthened by generational advances through Appalachia, and fortified by a Calvinistic code the stressed discipline, hard work and perseverance, those who followed Stephen F. Austin to Texas carried names linked to Scottish clans like Anderson, Andrews, Bailey, Barnett, Beard, Bell and Bowman. There were also Brown, Callihan, Carter, Charles, Clark, Clarke, Coats, Coles, Cooper, Cumings, Cummins and Davidson.
There were names like Duty, Dyer, Elder, Fenton, Fisher, Frazier, George, Gilbert, Gilleland, Gray, Guthrie, Haddon, Hall, Hamilton and Harris, as well as Harvey, Haynes, Hope, Hudson and Hunter. There were Ingram, Jamison, Johnson, Keller, Kelly, Kennedy, Kennon and Kerr, along with Linsey and Little.
Other among the grantees were McClain, McCormick, McCoy, McCrosky, McFarlan, McKinney, McKinsey, McNair, McNeel, McNutt and McWilliams, along with Martin, Mathis, Miller, Moore, Morrison and Morton. There were also Nelson, Nuckols, Parks, Phelps, Phillips, Prater, Ramey, Rankin, Richarson, Roberts, Robertson, Robinson and Ross. Also, Scobey, Scott, Sims, Smith, Spencer and Sutherland. Among the names were also Taylor, Thomas, Thompson, Walker, Wallace, White and Wilkins.
In all, there were only two names of German origin, eight from France, and two of Dutch extraction. The remainder carried names affiliated to Scottish clans or of Celtic stock from the British Isles.
The Celt's common quest in Texas was land, a commodity many of their ancestors had lost in Scotland and Ireland, and these new Texians were willing to face isolation, back-breaking work and Indian perils on new borders to hold on to it.
As Fehrenbach wrote in Lone Star: "The Anglo-Celts had not crossed the sea to become servile tenants."
The group of Scots, Irish and other Celts who followed Austin into Texas was just the beginning. Many more, with names such as Houston, Bowie, Crawford, Everitt, Grimes, Coleman, Bower, Carson, Latimer, Stewart and Briscoe would eventually declare their independence from Mexico, and some would die for that belief.

More information may be obtained from the organization Descendants of Austin's Old Three Hundred, by writing its president, Shirley Steadman, P.O. Box 185, Marion, TX 78124. Readers may also be interested in the new book "Austin's Old 300 - The First Anglo Colony in Texas: A Genealogical Profile," (ISBN 1-57168-291-0), $21.95, published by Eakin Press, P.O. Box 23066, Austin, TX 78735.

South West Scots magazine (January, April, July, October) covering Scottish/Celtic culture and activities in the Southwest U.S.A.. To subscribe in USA send check or money order of $11.95 for 4 issues in U.S., or $19.95 for 8 issues to: Southwest Scots, P.O. Box 651, Columbus, TX 78934.) You can email them at [email protected]
 
Fisher, Samuel (I685)
 
233 among the first settlers of this county
Witness Role: Principal: [I794] Samuel Dennis TABER
Witness Role: Spouse: [I795] Jane POPE 
Pope, Jane (I795)
 
234 among the first settlers of this county
Witness Role: Spouse: [I795] Jane POPE 
Taber, Samuel Dennis (I794)
 
235 an autopsy was performed, though it was not used for certification Brenholts, Roy (I756)
 
236 Ancestral lines get confused and crossed up in Family Search at this point, rendering even the sketchy nature of Family Search lines unreliable. Dunham, Sarah (I2605)
 
237 Ancestry owns Find a Grave, Newspapers.com, Rootsweb, Archives.com, Fold3. Repository (R17)
 
238 Anna Elizabeth Embry may be the same person as Nannie C, or she may belong to a different Embry line. Birth date can't be quite right either - she wasn't likely married at 13 Embrey, Anna Elizabeth (I3031)
 
239 Appears to have been illiterate - he made his mark on the form, rather than signing it. Described as tall, slender, blue eyed, with dark hair. Sisk, James Wesley (I3023)
 
240 Arkansas Pre-1908 Homestead and Cash Entry Patents Source (S902)
 
241 Arthur sent Gladys a postcard in Sept 1928 from The Grange at Dornoch in Scotland.

Arthur lived at Kingswood, Pembury Road, Tunbridge Wells, Kent, England - and had calling cards made for his wife, Mrs. Arthur Gibbs.

Index of marriages from April, May, and June of 1929 list Arthur Gibbs and Gladys Taber Chamberlain (she's shown twice in the index, both surnames). St. George Hanover Square registration district, Volume 1a, page 1079 
Family: Arthur G. Gibbs / Gladys Taber (F275)
 
242 Article in the April 22, 1929 issue of The Columbus Citizen. Brenholts, Virginia Ruth (I758)
 
243 as a Presbyterian Taber, Samuel Dennis (I794)
 
244 as a Presbyterian Pope, Jane (I795)
 
245 As of 1900, Josephine and Bat had 8 children, 6 then living. Roach, Child (I609)
 
246 As of 1900, Josephine and Bat had 8 children, 6 then living. Roach, Child (I610)
 
247 as shown on WG Price 1900 Census Wood, Cynthia (I857)
 
248 Assumption based solely on the 1850 Census Nancy (I2570)
 
249 at "Obadiah's Nine Acres" Hosford, Obadiah (I1069)
 
250 at "Obadiah's Nine Acres" Phelps, Mindwell (I1071)
 

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